Synergistic effect between ceria and tungsten oxide on WO3–CeO2–TiO2 catalysts for NH3-SCR reaction

AbstractWO3–CeO2–TiO2 catalysts for NO (nitrogen monoxide) reduction by ammonia were prepared by a sol–gel method. The catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, Raman, NH3/NO adsorption and H2-TPR to investigate the relationships among the catalyst composition, structure, redox property, acidity and deNOx activity. WO3–CeO2–TiO2 catalysts show a high activity in a broad temperature range of 200–480°C. The low-temperature activity of catalysts is sensitive to the catalyst composition especially under low-O2-content atmospheres. It may be related to the synergistic effect between CeOx and WOx in the catalysts. On one hand, the interaction between ceria and tungsten oxide promotes the activation of gaseous oxygen to compensate the lattice oxygen consumed in NH3-SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reaction at low temperatures. Meanwhile, the Brønsted acid sites mainly arise from tungsten oxides, Lewis acid sites mainly arise from ceria. Both of the Brønsted and Lewis acid sites facilitate the adsorption of NH3 on catalysts and improve the stability of the adsorbed ammonia species, which are beneficial to the NH3-SCR reaction

Light Availability and Patterns of Allocation to Reproductive and Vegetative Biomass in the Sexes of the Dioecious Macrophyte Vallisneria spinulosa

Environmental changes, e.g., eutrophication, in aquatic ecosystems can greatly alter light available to submerged macrophytes. In dioecious plants, given potential for sex-specific differences in resource requirements (i.e., high-carbon for seeds vs. high-nitrogen for pollen), females and males are expected to divergently adjust allocations toward resource acquisition structures when resources are limited during growth. Here, Vallisneria spinulosa was used as a representative dioecious submerged macrophyte to detect sex-specific responses to light limitation and assess whether sexual dimorphism varied with resource availability. Plants were grown under varying levels of light availability in nine outdoor mesocosms for 14 weeks. Late in the reproductive season, allocations to vegetative and reproductive traits for both sexes were determined and relative allocation to reproduction vs. vegetative growth was analyzed. Female and male reproductive plants differed in adjustments of resource allocation in response to light availability. Under low light, females showed a smaller reduction in allocation of resources to vegetative tissues and greater leaf area than males, suggesting female plasticity to increase carbon capture. Under low light, males showed a smaller reduction in reproductive allocation than females (flowers and inflorescences in males vs. fruits in females), suggesting that carbon limitation has greater impacts on sexual reproduction by females than males. Our study provides evidence of differences in reproductive costs and currencies for female vs. male reproduction in aquatic macrophytes, as V. spinulosa responded plastically to reduced light, with sexually dimorphic allocation strategies. Sex-related resource currencies are potentially important drivers for sex-specific variations in allocation patterns, with females safeguarding their vegetative carbon-rich biomass to satisfy future fruit and seed production

Association of thyroid-stimulating hormone and lipid levels with suicide attempts among adolescents with major depressive disorder in China

ObjectivesEvidence suggested that thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and lipid levels were associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, its role in suicide attempts in adolescents with MDD was unclear. This investigation was to probe into the relationship between TSH, lipid levels, and attempted suicide in adolescents with MDD.MethodsA total of 179 adolescents with MDD were included from January 2021 to January 2022. Socio-demographic data and clinical data were obtained through self-made questionnaires. TSH and lipid levels were analyzed by a recognized laboratory. The Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess the severity of depression. Questions about whether there was a behavior of suicide attempts were completed through conversation interviews.ResultsResults showed that the CES-D total score, TSH, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of suicide attempters were significantly higher than those of non-suicide attempters. Ordinary family relationships were more likely to attempt suicide than good family relationships. The CES-D total score, ordinary family relationships, TSH and LDL-C were still significant in binary logistic regression, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.04, 3.42, 5.14, and 1.76, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) ranged from 0.60 to 0.74.ConclusionSuicide attempts are common among adolescents with MDD and were associated with CES-D total score, ordinary family relationships, TSH, and LDL-C. Given the association between suicide attempts and TSH and LDL-C, the dynamic changes in TSH and LDL-C levels should be detected regularly

Public involvement in setting a national research agenda

<p>(A) Graphical map of the BLAST results showing nucleotide identity between <i>A</i>. <i>fasciata</i> mitogenome and 15 related species listed in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0136297#pone.0136297.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>, as generated by the CGView comparison tool (CCT). CCT arranges BLAST result in an order where sequence that is most similar to the reference (<i>A</i>. <i>fasciata</i>) is placed closer to the outer edge of the map. The rings labelled 1 to17 indicate BLAST results of <i>A</i>. <i>fasciata</i> mitogenome against <i>A</i>. <i>chrysaetos</i>, <i>N</i>. <i>nipalensis</i>, <i>N</i>. <i>alboniger</i>, <i>S</i>. <i>cheela</i>, <i>A</i>. <i>monachus</i>, <i>B</i>. <i>lagopus</i>, <i>B</i>. <i>buteo</i>, <i>B</i>. <i>buteo burmanicus</i>, <i>A</i>. <i>soloensis</i>, <i>A</i>. <i>virgatus</i>, <i>A</i>. <i>gentilis</i>, <i>A</i>. <i>nisus</i>, <i>P</i>. <i>haliaetus</i>, <i>S</i>. <i>serpentarius</i>, <i>C</i>. <i>aura</i>, <i>P</i>. <i>badius</i>, and <i>S</i>. <i>leptogrammica</i>, respectively. (B) Nucleotide-based phylogenetic tree of 16 Accipitriformes species, with two Strigiformes birds as outgroups. This analysis is based on 13PCGs. Both ML and Bayesian analyses produced identical tree topologies. The ML bootstrap and Bayesian posterior probability values for each node are indicated.</p

Note on solution regularity of the generalized magnetohydrodynamic equations with partial dissipation

In this brief note we study the n-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equations with hyper-viscosity and zero resistivity. We prove global regularity of solutions when the hyper-viscosity is sufficiently strong.PreprintPeer reviewe

A Multiantenna Diversity System with Blind equalisation for mobile video signal reception

In this paper, multiantenna scanning diversity system is used to combat fading for mobile reception of video signals. Based on the principle of the multiantenna scanning diversity system, a new approach to select the strongest signal every TV line is developed. Principle to adaptive weighting all the received antenna signals is also presented. A blind equalisation method based on image processing techniques is applied to remove the interference of echoes with rapidly changing phases